人本主义视角下大学生异常心理的成因及干预策略

Causes and Intervention Strategies of College Students' Psychological Abnormality from Perspective of Humanism

人本主义心理学作为在批判行为主义和精神分析理论基础上建立的学派,其基本理念、观点和治疗方法给大学生异常心理的干预带来独有的价值和贡献。从人本主义视角出发,阐述当代大学生异常心理的主要表现和产生原因,并在此基础上提出干预大学生心理异常的对策:无条件积极关注心理异常的大学生;建立同理心,尊重心理异常的大学生;创建自由适宜的心理咨询干预环境;运用“个体辅导”和“团体辅导”相结合的心理健康教育模式。对促进大学生的身心健康发展具有重要的现实意义。

Humanistic psychology is a school based on critical behaviorism and psychoanalysis.Its basic ideas,viewpoints and treatment methods are of great significance to the intervention of college students' psychological abnormality.From the perspective of humanism,this paper illustrated the main manifestations and causes of college students' abnormal psychology,and on this basis,it proposed the intervention measures of college students' psychological abnormality:pay close attention to the students with abnormal psychology unconditionally;establish empathy and respect them;create a free and suitable environment for psychological counseling and intervention;use mental health education with the combination of“individual counseling”and“group counseling”,which is of great practical importance to promote the development of college students' physical and mental health.