借鉴与启示:基于美国AP中文考试主观题的命制

Reference and Enlightenment:Proposition and Design of Subjective Questions Based on American Advanced Placement Chinese Language and Literature

作为美国高考的组成部分之一,AP考试是美国高中生进入名牌高校重要的考核项目。AP中文科目及测试中的主观题在评估学生理解性沟通、人际性沟通、表达性沟通3大语言交际技能方面有独特的优势。它注重在任务设计中依托学生日常的社会生活,从口头表达和书面表达两部分,以直接或间接的方式再现真实情境中的语言运用,评价考生的语言能力和文化理解,重视考核学生的语言运用能力。借鉴AP中文考试主观题的命制经验,我国语言类考试命题要更加强调写作的交际功能,重视听说评估,提供实用的答题指引,制定更清晰的评分规则。

As a part of the American college entrance examination program,the advanced placement(AP)examination is an important assessment item for American high school students to enter famous universities.The subjective questions in it have unique advantages in assessing students’three language communication skills:comprehensible communication,interpersonal communication,and expressive communication.Based on students’daily social life in task design,it uses a direct or indirect way to show language use in reality to evaluates students’language ability,cultural understanding and language use from the perspective of oral and written expressions.The subjective questions in AP examination provide reference for our language test propositions:emphasize the communicative function of writing,pay attention to listening and speaking assessment,provide practical guidance for answering questions,set clear grading rules.