同型半胱氨酸代谢紊乱对内皮功能障碍影响的研究进展

Research Progress in Influence of Homocysteine Metabolism Disruption on Endothelial Dysfunction

同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)是一种在必需氨基酸甲硫氨酸代谢过程中形成的含硫氨基酸。Hcy被认为是动脉粥样硬化(As)和心血管疾病(CVD)的独立危险因素,但其分子机制仍有待进一步研究。高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)中反复出现的内皮功能损伤是As和CVD发生的关键初始事件。目前,关于HHcy与内皮功能障碍的相关机制包括Hcy对一氧化氮生成的干扰、硫化氢信号通路的失调、氧化应激、干扰脂蛋白代谢、蛋白质N-同型半胱氨酸化和细胞低甲基化,深入研究这些机制可为CVD的治疗提供新靶点。

Homocysteine(Hcy)is a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the metabolism of the essential amino acid methionine.Hcy is considered an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis(As)and cardiovascular disease(CVD).However,its molecular mechanism remains to be further studied.Recurrent endothelial dysfunction in hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy)is a critical initial event for the occurrence of As and CVD.Currently,the known relevant mechanisms of HHcy and endothelial dysfunction include the interference of Hcy in nitric oxide production,deregulation of the hydrogen sulfide signaling pathway,oxidative stress,disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism,protein N-homocysteinylation,and cellular hypomethylation.Further study of these mechanisms may provide a new target for the treatment of CVD.