干细胞治疗1型糖尿病的研究进展

Research Progress of Stem Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes

目前1型糖尿病的治疗以胰岛素替代疗法为主,但近年来该疗法未能进一步提高年轻患者的生存率。与胰岛素替代疗法不同,干细胞疗法旨在恢复患者正常的产胰岛素功能,从而使1型糖尿病患者部分或完全康复,减少外源性胰岛素及药物依赖,并减少并发症的发生。目前具有进展的干细胞疗法主流研究包括诱导性多能干细胞疗法、间充质干细胞(MSCs)疗法以及骨髓来源的造血干细胞(HSCs)疗法。此三种疗法在细胞和动物实验水平获得了积极的结果,HSCs和MSCs疗法已进入临床试验阶段,部分临床试验也已取得了积极的结果,这些研究结果提示干细胞疗法用于临床治疗1型糖尿病的可行性。

At present,insulin replacement therapy is the main treatment method for type 1 diabetes,but it has not further improved the survival of young patients in recent years.Unlike insulin replacement therapy,stem cell therapy is designed to restore normal insulin-producing functions in patients to partially or completely recover from type 1 diabetes,reducing exogenous insulin and drug dependence and reducing the incurrence of the complications.Current progressing mainstream research in stem cell therapy includes induced pluripotent stem cell therapy,mesenchymal stem cell(MSCs)therapy,and bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cell(HSCs)therapy.Not only have these three therapies achieved positive results in vitro and in pre-clinical experiments,HSCs and MSCs therapies have also entered clinical trials with positive results achieved in some trials,which indicate the feasibility of further clinical use of stem cell therapy to treat type 1 diabetes.