普惠性民办幼儿园财政补助的问题与改进——基于全国部分地区补助标准的考察

The Problem and Improvement of Financial Subsidy for Generally Beneficial Private Kindergartens——An Investigation Based on the Subsidy Standards of Some Regions in China

政府财政补助是民办幼儿园实现普惠性的关键因素。充足的财政补助对于普惠性民办幼儿园达到收费较低、面向大众的目的和保证办园质量具有重要意义。当前,我国普惠性民办幼儿园财政补助存在形式较为单一、部分地区标准偏低和区域间差距较大等问题。地方政府财力有限,投入动力不足,缺乏有效的监督考核机制等是问题产生的主要原因。未来的改革方向包括制定全国统一的财政补助基准定额,加大财力薄弱地区财政转移支付力度,完善监督考核和奖惩机制等。

The government financial subsidy is a key factor for private kindergartens to realize the generally beneficial feature.Sufficient financial subsidies are of great significance for generally beneficial private kindergartens to achieve the goal of low fees,facing the public and ensuring the quality of running a kindergarten.At present,the financial subsidy of generally beneficial private kindergartens in China has some problems,such as single form,low standard in some regions and large gap between different regions.The main reasons for the problems are the limited financial resources of local governments,the lack of investment power and the lack of effective supervision and assessment mechanism.Therefore,the future direction of reform includes establishing a unified national standard for financial subsidies,increasing financial transfer payments in areas with weak financial resources,and improving supervision,assessment,reward and punishment mechanisms.