胞外囊泡介导血吸虫与宿主相互作用的研究进展

Advances in research on schistosome-host interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles

胞外囊泡(EVs)是由细胞释放至胞外的具有脂质双分子层结构的包膜性小囊泡,内含蛋白质、脂质、DNA和RNA等生物活性分子,可通过与靶细胞受体结合或直接融合的方式传递效应分子,发挥生物学功能。EVs作为一种新型的细胞间信号转导机制,在血吸虫与宿主间的相互作用过程中发挥了重要的调控作用。本文着重阐述EVs的分类、起源、结构和功能以及血吸虫不同发育阶段分泌的EVs介导虫体与宿主相互作用的研究进展,为血吸虫病的防治研究提供新的思路。

Extracellular vesicles are lipid-bilayer vesicles that are released by cells into the extracellular space.They contain bioactive molecules such as proteins,lipids,DNA and RNA,and can transfer effector molecules via binding to receptors of target cells or by direct fusing to,thus exerting biological function.Extracellular vesicles as a new type of intercellular signal transduction mechanism,play a critical role in regulating interaction between schistosome and host.This review underlines the researches advance on extracellular vesicles in regard to the classification,origin,structure and functions,and the role to mediate the parasite-host interactions upon secreted from schistosomes at different developmental stages,thus providing new ideas for researches on the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.