新冠肺炎流行期大众心理症状调查

Psychological symptoms of the public during the COVID-19 epidemic

目的:调查新冠肺炎流行期间大众的心理症状水平以及变化趋势。方法:采用自编大众抗疫心态自检自助表对流行期间大众的心理症状进行调查,通过网络收集到118771份问卷。结果:男性的心理症状总分低于女性(P<0.001)。心理症状总分从低到高为湖北以外地区、湖北除武汉地区、武汉(P<0.001);健康、确诊、疑似和其他身体不适人群(P<0.001);青年组、老年组、中年组(P<0.001);普通大众、一线抗疫人员及家属、新冠肺炎患者家属(P<0.001)。地区和身体健康状况对心理症状总分的交互作用具有统计学意义(P<0.001),武汉确诊患者的心理症状总分高于其他地区。流行期间大众的心理症状水平呈阶段性变化。全国新增确诊病例数与当日大众心理症状总分的互相关有统计学意义(lag=0,r_R=0.68,P<0.05)。结论:女性、居住地武汉、疑似或有其他身体不适、中年人以及新冠肺炎患者亲属的心理状况较差,心理症状水平和疾病流行发展的严重程度相关。

Objective:To investigate the public's psychological symptoms and changing trend during the CO-VID-19 epidemic.Methods:A 10-item self-report instrument was developed to measure the overall psychological symptoms and 10 specific mental health symptoms for the public.A total of 118771 online questionnaires were col-lected during the epidemic.Results:There were significant gender,age and health differences in psychological status and mental health symptoms.Males reported significantly lower mental health symptoms than females(P<0.001).Middle-aged participants reported the highest mental health symptoms,followed by elderly participants and young participants.Suspected participants and other unwell participants reported the highest mental health symptoms,followed by confirmed participants and healthy participants.In addition,there were significant regional and occupational differences.Participants from Wuhan reported the highest mental health symptoms,followed by participants from(non-Wuhan)Hubei Province and participants from provinces other than Hubei(P<0.001).Families with confirmed cases reported the highest mental health symptoms,followed by personnel working on the frontline fighting against the epidemic,and the general public(P<0.001).The interaction between region and individual health status was significant(P<0.001),indicating that confirmed cases from Wuhan reported the highest mental health symptoms.The public's psychological symptoms changed for the period during the COVID-19 epidemic.Importantly,the total number of newly confirmed cases was positively associated with the level of mental health symptoms for the public on the same day and the association did not seem to lag in time(lag=0,rR=0.68,P<0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that females,people living in Wuhan,people identified as suspected COVID-19 cases or people with other physical conditions,middle-aged people,and families with confirmed cases have worse psycho-logical status,and the psychological status of the public is positively related to the severity and development of the epidemic.