附辞会义,首尾相援:《文心雕龙·附会》篇探析

Developing the Argument;the Echoing of Beginning and Closing A Probe into the Chapter of Fu Hui of Wen Xin Diao Long

《附会》篇专论文章写作的附辞会义问题,即命意谋篇问题。刘勰之所以作《附会》篇,以备《镕裁》《章句》所未言“总文理定首尾之术”也。《附会》的内容包括四个方面一是总文理,二是统首尾,三是定与夺,四是合涯际。《附会》指出了命意谋篇的法则情志为神明,事义为骨鲠,辞采为肌肤,宫商为声气。由于《附会》篇对后世写作理论和文章学影响直接而又广泛,时至今日仍广泛应用,故本文拟从文章学的角度,再论《附会》的重要意义、《附会》包含的内容以及《附会》篇的命意谋篇之法。

The chapter“Fu Hui”of Wen Xin Diao Long elaborates the issue of developing the argument,that is,the issue of establishing a position,a thesis statement,and organization of the argument.The writer Liu Xie wrote“Fu Hui”to elaborate the principles of argumentation:the reasoning of the thesis statement in logical structure and the echoing of beginning and closing,which are not discussed in details in the chapters of“Rong Cai”and“Zhang Ju”.Four principles of argument are discussed in“Fu Hui”:the overall logical structure of reasoning,the echoing of beginning and closing,thesis statement dominant and evidence selection,coherence and cohesion.The rules of developing the argument in“Fu Hui”are:the emotion and thinking as domination,main idea as essentials,literary grace as externality,rhyme and intonation as tone.Since“Fu Hui”has such direct and wide influences on the writing theory and the article study of later ages that it is still being applied at present.That is the reason why the importance and meaning of this chapter is discussed in this research paper,including the principles and rules of developing the argument mentioned in the chapter.