华山松林地表可燃物着火及蔓延特征研究

Ignition and spread characteristics of surface combustibles in Pinus armandi forest

在云南森林自然中心石关和园宝山华山松连续分布区设置样地,沿对角线设置6块2 m×2 m块小样方取样,采用200 cm×120 cm×32 cm铁质燃烧床进行实验,将燃烧床坡度设置为10°,测定可燃物的引燃时间、续燃时间、无焰燃烧时间、热辐射特征以及烧损率等参数,表征其着火特征和蔓延特征。结果表明,两处地表可燃物引燃时间为1~3 s,易引燃;石关上坡火续燃时间相对较短,约150 s;园宝山下坡火无焰燃烧持续较长,最长达345 s。园宝山上坡火速率均大于石关上坡火速率;上坡火的损烧率最高为88.29%,下坡火最高为76.13%。

Sample plots were set in the continuous distribution area of Pinus armandi in Shiguan and Yuanbaoshan of Yunnan forest natural center. Ground fuel samples were selected from 6 quadrats of 2 m × 2 m along the diagonal. The experiments were carried out in a 200 cm×120 cm×32 cm iron combustion bed with a slope of 10°.The ignition and spread characteristics of the combustibles were characterized by measuring the ignition time, continuous combustion time, flameless combustion time, thermal radiation characteristics and burn out rate of the combustibles. The results showed that the ignition time of surface combustibles was 1~3 s. It was easy to ignite. Shiguan’s uphill fire continues for a relatively short time. It was about 150 s. The flameless burning of Yuanbaoshan downhill fire lasted for a long time with the maximum of 345 s.The fire rate on Yuanbao Mountain was higher than that on Shiguan.The highest rate of fire damage on the uphill fire was 88.29%, and the highest rate of fire damage on the downhill fire was 76.13%.