医院焦虑抑郁量表用于耳鼻咽喉科住院患者心理状态评估的调查研究

Use of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Psychological Assessment of Inpatients from the Department of Otolaryngology

目的:探讨医院焦虑抑郁量表(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,HAD)量表用于耳鼻咽喉科住院患者心理评估中的应用,为住院患者的心理干预提供依据。方法:以我院耳鼻咽喉科2015年1月至2017年12月收治的成年住院患者作为研究对象,采用HAD量表对耳鼻咽喉科住院患者的焦虑、抑郁情况进行自评和辅助询问评估,以>7分作为临界值,筛选焦虑和(或)抑郁患者,并对不同状态患者进行相关因素分析。结果:耳鼻咽喉科住院患者的焦虑症状检出率为8.40%(52/619),抑郁症状检出率为7.11%(44/619)。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)、头颈部恶性肿瘤、周围性面瘫、感音神经性聋、良性阵发性位置性眩晕、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎、喉麻痹、分泌性中耳炎和声带息肉等10类疾病患者存在焦虑抑郁症状(HAD>7分),OSAHS、头颈部恶性肿瘤和周围性面瘫患者表现为中度焦虑抑郁(HAD>11分)。相关性分析显示,OSAHS和头颈部恶性肿瘤患者周围性面瘫患者随着病程的增加,随着病程的增加,焦虑抑郁评分也随着上升;焦虑抑郁评分也随着上升(均P<0.05)。结论:在耳鼻咽喉科住院患者中,OSAHS、头颈部恶性肿瘤和周围性面瘫患者表现出显著的焦虑抑郁症状,在临床诊治过程中应注意心理干预。

Objective:To investigate the use of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)in the psychological assessment of inpatients in the department of otolaryngology,to provide the basis for psychological intervention in inpatients.Methods:Adult patients admitted to the department of otolaryngology of our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were used as the research subjects.HADS was used to evaluate anxiety and depression of inpatients in the department of otolaryngology with>7 as the critical value.Demographic data and clinical information of patients from hospital records were reviewed and analyzed.Results:The detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 8.40%(52/619)in the department of otolaryngology,and the rate of depression symptoms was 7.11%(44/619).The HADS scores of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),head and neck malignant tumors,peripheral facial paralysis,sensorineural deafness,benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,chronic rhinosinusitis,fungal rhinosinusitis,laryngeal paralysis,secretory otitis media,and vocal cord polyps were greater than 7;and patients with OSAHS,head and neck malignant tumors and peripheral facial paralysis showed moderate anxiety and depression(HADS>11).With the development of OSAHS,head and neck malignant tumors and peripheral facial paralysis,the HADS score of those patients increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the department of otolaryngology,patients with OSAHS,head and neck malignant tumors and peripheral facial paralysis showed significant anxiety and depression symptoms,and psychological intervention should be added to the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment.