儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀意念及其相关因素分析

Analysis on suicide ideation and related factors of children and adolescents with emotional disorders

目的 了解儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀意念现状并探讨其相关因素,为构建儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀预防干预体系提供理论依据。方法 采用自杀意念量表、青少年生活事件量表和父母教养方式评价量表对162例儿童青少年情绪障碍患者进行问卷调查。结果 共44例(27. 2%)患者存在自杀意念。女性自杀意念检查率(33. 0%)高于男性(14. 0%),同伴关系、父母婚姻状况对自杀意念影响有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。负性生活事件(人际关系、学习压力、受惩罚等)、父母教养方式(父母情感温暖、惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认等)对儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀意念有影响(P <0. 05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,人际关系紧张是儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀意念的危险因素,而母亲情感温暖、理解是保护因素。结论 儿童青少年情绪障碍患者自杀意念发生率较高,对女性、家庭不完整的儿童青少年要尤其关注,同时还可通过改善负性生活事件的应对、父母教养方式等途径减少自杀风险。

Objective To investigate the status and its related factors of suicide ideation among children and adolescents with emotional disorders,and to provide theoretical basis for the construction of prevention and intervention system for children and adolescents suicide with emotional disorders.Methods 162 children and adolescents patients with emotional disorders were investigated with Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale(SIOSS),Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Check-list(ASLEC),and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU).Results Totally 44(27.2%)children and adolescents with emotional disorders had suicidal ideation.The rate in girls(33.0%)was higher than that in boys(14.0%),peer relationship and parents’marital status were significantly influenced with suicide ideation.Adverse life events(interpersonal relationship,learning pressure,punishment,etc),parenting style(parental warmth,severe punishment,excessive interference,refusal to deny,etc)were significantly influenced with suicide ideation(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that harmful interpersonal relation was a risk factor,mother’s emotional warmth and understanding was protective factor of suicide ideation.Conclusion The rate of suicide ideation in children and adolescents with emotional disorders was high,and particular attention should be paid to girls and those with incomplete families.It can also be reduced by improving the response to adverse life events and the proper parenting style.