某市墙面喷涂作业工人职业危害知晓情况调查

Investigation on occupational hazard awareness of wall painting workers

目的了解某市室内墙面喷涂作业工人健康及职业危害知晓状况。方法采用典型抽样方法,抽取从事室内墙面喷涂作业1年以上的工人108人进行问卷调查,了解室内墙面喷涂作业工人健康状况及职业危害知晓情况。结果(1)从事室内墙面喷涂作业工人整体文化程度集中在初中,健康自评中存在不同程度的健康损害症状;(2)了解喷涂作业对人体有哪些健康损害45人,占41.67%,了解喷涂作业中职业中毒如何预防26人,占24.07%,(3)93人,占86.11%从事室内墙面喷涂作业工人工作前及工作过程中没有进行职业健康体检,而参加过体检的工人也是在出现明显的身体不适后进行了一般体检,半数以上工人不了解职业健康检查以及与一般体检的区别;(4)95人,占87.96%知道喷涂作业需要佩戴防护用品,但通过现场调查,佩戴防护用品(简易的帽子、口罩和手套)工人共89人,占82.41%。结论室内墙面喷涂作业工人个人防护措施不当,职业危害防护知晓率较低,对职业健康检查了解较少,应积极普及职业健康宣教,为室内墙面喷涂作业工人的健康促进和职业危害防护提供保障。

Objective To investigate the health and occupational hazard awareness of indoor wall painting workers in a city.Methods One hundred and eight workers who had been engaged in indoor wall painting for more than 1 year were selected by typical sampling method to conduct questionnaire survey,and to understand the health status and occupational hazard awareness of indoor wall painting workers.Results(1)The overall education level of indoor wall painting workers was mostly junior high school,and there were different degrees of health damage symptoms in the health self-assessment;(2)45 workers,accounting for 41.67%,knew what health damage could be done to human body caused by spraying,and 26 workers,accounting for 24.07%knew how to prevent occupational poisoning in spraying;(3)93 workers,accounting for 86.11%,did not take the accupatianal health examination before or during the working process,and the others who took it only did it affer they had had obvious discomfort,half of the workers don't understand the difference between the occupational health examination and general physical examination;(4)95 worker,accounting for 87.96%,are aware of the need to wear protective equipment in spraying operation.However,through field investigation,89 workers,accounting for 82.41%,wear protective equipment(simple hats,masks and gloves).Conclusion The personal protection measures of indoor wall painting workers are improper,the awareness rate of occupational hazard protection is low,and the understanding of occupational health inspection is little.Training of occupational health should be carried out in order to protect indoor wall painting workers from occupational hazards.