安徽省生态用地时空格局演变及驱动因素研究

Temporal and spatial pattern evolution and driving factors of ecological land use in Anhui Province

生态用地提供生态系统服务功能,对构建统一生态安全格局,平衡生态保护空间与城乡建设空间具有重要作用。本文基于安徽省2000、2005、2010、2015年4期土地利用现状遥感监测数据,运用土地转移矩阵、土地动态度、重心转移模型和地理探测器等方法,综合分析2000-2015年安徽省生态用地时空演变特征,并探究其驱动因素。结果表明:2000-2015年安徽省生态用地持续减少,生态用地流失方向主要为建设用地;生态用地变化程度呈加剧趋势,15年间各生态用地变化速度大小依次为:其他生态用地>耕地>水域>草地>林地;生态用地变化呈现“北多南少中集中”的空间差异格局,但生态用地重心总体较稳定,各类生态用地重心主要集中在中南部,在南北方向轻微波动,但转移距离有增大趋势;生态用地演变具有产业结构指向与人口发展指向,解释力最高的3个因素为一产占GDP比重变化率、二产占GDP比重变化率和人口密度变化率。

Ecological land provides ecosystem service functions,which play an important role in building a unified ecological security pattern,balanced ecological protection space,and urban-rural construction space.Based on remote sensing monitoring data of land use status in 2000,2005,2010,and 2015 in Anhui province,this study used the land transfer matrix,land dynamics,the gravity transfer model,and a geodetector to comprehensively analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecological land use and formation mechanisms in Anhui province from 2000 to 2015.The results indicate that ecological land in Anhui province continues to decrease.Loss of ecological land is primarily attributed to construction.The change in ecological land in Anhui Province is intensifying.The order of change of ecological land over 15 years is as follows:other ecological land,cultivated land,water area,grassland,and forest land.The change of ecological land use in Anhui province shows the spatial differential pattern of“more in the north,less in the south,concentrated in the middle”.The ecological land center of gravity is generally stable,and all types of ecological land focus fall in central and south Anhui province with slight fluctuations in the north-south direction and increasing transfer distance.The evolution of ecological land use is oriented towards industrial structure and population development.The three factors with the highest explanatory power are the proportional rates of primary and secondary industry variables and population density change.