2019年衢州市重点人群碘营养状况分析

Investigation and analysis on iodine nutritional status of key groups in Quzhou in 2019

目的了解衢州市重点人群碘营养状况,为探索改进碘缺乏病监测模式与方法提供依据。方法衢州市6个县(市、区)均为监测点,每个监测点按东、南、西、北、中划分5个片区,每个片区随机抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇随机抽取21名孕妇并在当地的中心小学随机抽取8~10岁学生42名,采集食用盐进行盐碘检测和尿液进行尿碘检测。结果碘盐监测1 905份,中位数25.90 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率达到94.91%,合格碘盐食用率89.92%。检测8~10岁学生尿样1 272份,尿碘中位数为191μg/L,尿碘<50μg/L的占3.69%,儿童甲状腺肿大率为0.93%,达到国家消除标准,但尿碘含量>300μg/L的占16.35%;检测孕妇尿样633份,尿碘中位数为134.6μg/L,处于碘适宜的占28.75%,碘缺乏的占59.69%。结论2019年衢州市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况良好,但部分儿童碘营养水平超适宜量;孕妇碘营养摄入总体不足,应针对重点人群采取不同的措施,以确保特殊人群的碘营养处于适宜状态。

Objective To explore the level of iodine nutrition of key groups so as to improve monitoring model and method.Methods 6 counties in Quzhou are all surveilence areas.In each county,5 townships were randomly picked out based on their subarea positions of east,west,south,north and center.Then 21 pregnant women and 42 students aged 8-10 in central primary school were sampled in each chosen township to collect their salts and urine to test.Results 1 905 household salt samples of key groups were tested,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 94.91% and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 89.92%;the median of salt iodine was 25.90 mg/kg.1 272 urine samples were collected from the students and the median urinary iodine content was 191μg/L;The urinary iodine content <50 μg/L accounted for 3.69% and goiter rate was 0.93%,which reached the national iodine deficiency disorders( IDD) elimination standard,but 16.35% of students’ urinary iodine content was >300 μg/L.633 urine samples were tested in pregnant women,and the median urinary iodine was 134.6 μg/L.The appropriate iodine intake accounted for28.75% and the inadequate iodine intake was 59. 69%. Conclusions The iodine nutritional status of students aged 8-10 in Quzhou in 2019 was appropriate, but some students’ iodine nutritional status was at high level. The iodine intake in pregnant women was deficient.The different measures should be taken in different groups to ensure appropriate iodine nutrition.