合肥市高校城市森林树冠覆盖分析

Analysis of urban forest canopy coverage in Hefei universities

以合肥市二环内、大学城和职教城3个典型区域的15所建设于不同年代的高校为研究对象,应用Arc GIS判读2018年卫星遥感影像,统计分析高校林木树冠覆盖特征。结果表明:①15所高校现实树冠覆盖面积283.25 hm^2,整体树冠覆盖率29.67%;各高校现实树冠覆盖率在11.90%~43.89%间变化,潜在树冠覆盖率在1.73%~30.00%间变化。②超过2/3的高校树冠覆盖率处在高覆盖度或极高覆盖度。③早期建设的高校现实树冠覆盖率整体上高于后期建设的,二环内高校(38.69%)最高;而在树冠覆盖潜力增长方面正好相反,职教城高校潜在树冠覆盖率(19.02%)最高。进一步分析发现,合肥市高校城市森林未来整体树冠覆盖率可提高至40.14%,不同年代区域高校树冠覆盖差异主要受时间跨度对树木的影响和高校绿化建设思路的影响。

Fifteen universities built in different ages in Hefei city were selected as research objects, which covered three typical areas, i.e. the district in the second ring road, university town and vocational education district. ArcGIS was used to interpret the satellite remote sensing images of the built-up area in 2018, and to further analyze the characteristics of urban forest canopy coverage. The results showed that the actual canopy of 15 universities covered 283.25 hm^2, and the overall canopy coverage was 29.67%. The actual canopy coverage varied from 11.90% to 43.89%, and the potential canopy coverage varied from 1.73% to 30.00%. The canopy coverage in more than two-thirds of the universities was at high or very high level. The actual canopy coverage in the universities constructed in early stage was higher than that of the later’s. The canopy coverage in the second ring district(38.69 %) was the highest, while the potential canopy coverage was just the opposite, with the highest potential canopy coverage in the vocational education district(19.02%). Further analysis found that the overall urban forest canopy coverage in Hefei universities could be increased to 40.14% in the future, and the difference in canopy coverage in different ages was mainly influenced by the time span and the greening construction ideas.