干线公路穿越城镇适应段长度确定方法研究

On the proper length or distance of the adaptation sections of the main transportationroadthatcross the townships

为了提高干线公路穿越城镇区段的行车安全性,探究公路上的车辆穿越城镇时的速度变化和驾驶员心生理特征,通过实地检测在公路穿越城镇适应段行驶的驾驶员心生理反应、车辆运行速度等参数,以人因工程学、心理学等为基础,对适应段车辆的速度变化特征和驾驶员的心生理反应进行了研究。根据实际道路情况首先定义了公路至城镇方向适应段L0和城镇至公路方向适应段L1,然后基于速度一致性原理分析车辆在通过适应段时与城镇段和公路段的速度差,同时以心率增长率为定量参数分析车辆通过适应段时驾驶员的心生理变化。结果表明,在公路穿越城镇路段有必要设置适应段,并且适应段的长度对驾驶员的行为和心生理状态有明显的影响,在确保车辆速度差和驾驶员心生理变化参数都在安全阈值范围内的基础上,适应段总长度在1. 000~2. 200 km为宜。

This paper is aimed to explore the proper distance or length of the transverse adaptation sections of the main roads so as to improve the traffic safety on such transferring sections when the main roads are crossing the townships.Through the field driving case study on the main crossing roads traveling through main township sections,it can be found that the parameters,such as the driver’s heart-beat wave growth rate,the vehicle traveling speed and the other road environment testing information,so as for the drivers to get to the actual town-inside road conditions,say,the road oriented to the township adaptation section L0 and the town-to-main road direction adaptation section L1 can be first of all defined.Based on the human factors engineering and the driving psychology,we have managed to trace and clarify the features of the vehicle speed change and the driver’s heartbit pulsate changes to the adaptation sections.And,furthermore,according to the principle of the speed consistency,we have also registered and analyzed the vehicle speed difference when they pass through the adaptation sections.At the same time,we have managed to make records and analyzed the heartbeat changes of the drivers when they drive the vehicles getting through the adaptation sections.And,as a result,we have established two models:one of which indicates the relationship between the speed difference and the adaptation section,the other is about the relation between the driver’s heart beating rate growing rate and the adaptation section extension length.When the simultaneous cross-coming the safety threshold of a speed difference less than 20 km/h,the driver’s heart beating rate tends to grow at a rate less than 27%,whereas the direction adaptation length range is at the road-to-town section,the heart beating rate of L0 is[0.439,1.131]km.And,in contrast,the town-to-the out-of-town’s main road direction for the adaptation section L1 length range turns out to be[0.487,1.313]km.Hence,the result of our investigation show that it is necessary to set an adaptation section in the main road in crossing the township area,which may help us to find the length of the adaptation section may have an obvious influence on the vehicle speed difference and the driver’s heart rate.For,the road is open to the traffic in both directions,the total length of the road crossing town adaptation section should be between in 1.000 km and 2.200 km so that the speed difference and the driver’s heart-beat or pulsate change are all in the safety range.