中美贸易争端中的强制技术转让问题研究

Forced Technology Transfer in Sino-US Trade Dispute

美国在对华"301调查"报告中重点指责中国强制美国在华企业转让技术。中国市场准入制度中的合资要求、股比限制以及行政审批和许可程序与强制技术转让之间没有直接联系,以技术换市场是美方企业的自主决策。外商投资者获得市场准入之后,中国对其在技术许可方面所采取的不同规定不违反《TRIPS协定》中的国民待遇和专利权内容。中国非但不存在强制技术转让的问题,近些年来还显著提高了知识产权保护水平,加强对外商投资者的保护。鉴于中美之间的投资关系仍在不断加强,相关争议应该通过符合WTO规则的方式来协商解决。

The United States accuses China of forcing US companies to transfer technology in"301 Investigation"report.There is no direct relationship between Chinese market access,such as JV requirements,foreign equity limitations,administrative reviews and licensing process,and forced technology transfer,and the technology-for-market is the independent choice of foreign investors.The different rules concerning technology license towards foreign investors after market access,adopted by China,do not violate national treatment and right conferred by patent in TRIPS.There doesn’t exist forced technology transfer,what’s more,China has significantly improved the protection of Intellectual property and foreign in vestment in recent years.