中国儿童福利服务的政社合作:实践、反思与重构

Government-nonprofit Collaboration in Child Welfare Services:Practice,Problems and Reform

儿童福利服务普惠化不仅是完善社会保障体系和促进社会公正的内在要求,也是实现人口均衡增长政策目标的重要工具,而推进儿童福利服务全面发展又有赖于政府和社会的深度合作。然而,因传统思维的惯性和政策实践的路径依赖,中国的政社之间并未建立起良性互动的机制。互动表面活性、社会力量参与不畅、资源统筹效能有限、福利服务内容供需脱节等问题的客观存在,导致社会力量活力释放不够、儿童福利服务发展滞后。全面推进儿童福利服务发展亟待守正创新,在重构儿童福利服务政策的同时深化政社合作,并加强政府治理能力建设、提高社会组织服务能力。

The provision of universal child welfare services is not only necessary for improving social security systems and promoting social justice,but also achieving balanced population growth.The comprehensive development of child welfare services depends on close cooperation between governments and nonprofits.But due to the traditional way of thinking and the dependency on past methods of policy implementation,the proper mechanism for government-nonprofit collaboration has not been established yet,resulting in many problems in the provision of child welfare services in China.For instance,the interaction between governments and nonprofits is superficial and social organization has difficulties in getting involved in child welfare services.Furthermore,the resource utilization rate is low and the supply and demand of welfare services are mismatched.The existing problems led to the untapped potential of non-profits and under-developed child welfare services.To comprehensively promote child welfare services,it is imperative to explore the right path and make innovations,including reconstructing policies in child welfare services,strengthening cooperation between governments and social organizations,and improving the capacity of the social organizations.