核电检修工人血细胞计数变化风险的历史性队列研究

A historical cohort study on the risk of blood cell count changes in nuclear power maintenance workers

目的评价广东省惠州市某核电站检修工人血细胞计数变化风险。方法以惠州市某汽车公司269名工人为对照组,采用历史性队列研究设计回顾评价2012与2018年102名核电站检修工人间的红细胞、白细胞和血小板计数改变情况。结果研究期间核电检修工人白细胞数和血小板数均升高(P<0.01),汽车工人红细胞数和血小板数均升高(P<0.05)。以汽车公司工人为参照,核电检修工人白细胞异常升高率RR值为1.98(95%CI:0.70~5.56);核电检修工人血小板异常升高率RR值为1.76(95%CI:0.51~6.10)。研究期间两组人群红细胞、白细胞和血小板计数异常降低例数均不超过1例。核电站检修工人各血细胞数改变情况与汽车公司工人比较差异无统计学意义。结论核电检修工作不会增大工人血细胞计数变化的风险。

Objective To evaluate the risk of bloodcell count changes of maintenance workers in a nuclear power plant in Huizhou City of Guang.Methods 269 workers of an automobile company in Huizhou were taken as control group,a retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the complete blood count data and compare the disorders of red blood cells,white blood cells and platelets in the maintenance workers of nuclear power plants and workers of an automobile company between 2012 and 2018.Results The number of white blood cells and platelets in nuclear power maintenance workers were increased during the study period(P<0.01),the number of red blood cells and platelets in automobile company workers were also increased(P<0.05).Taking the workers of automobile company as reference,the RR of abnormal increase rate of leukocyte in nuclear power maintenance workers was 1.98(95%CI:0.70-5.56),and the RR of abnormal increase rate of platelets in nuclear power maintenance workers was 1.76(95%CI:0.51-6.10).During study period,the number of cases with abnormal decrease of red blood cell,white blood cell and platelet count in both groups was less than 1 case.There was no significant difference in the number of blood cells between nuclear power plant maintenance workers and automobile workers.Conclusion The risk of changes in complete blood count of nuclear power plant maintenance workers is negligible.