2013-2018年渭南市食源性致病菌污染状况调查

Investigation on pollution of foodborne pathogens in Weinan City from 2013-2018

目的了解渭南市食品中主要食源性致病菌的污染状况,为渭南市食品安全评估提供参考依据。方法对2013-2018年渭南市不同类别、场所、季度、包装的1856份食品样品开展食源性致病菌检测。结果检出13种429株食源性致病菌,总检出率为23.11%,其中非01群霍乱弧菌检出率最高,为21.61%(91/421),单核细胞增生李斯特菌检出率为9.21%(91/988),其次是腊样芽孢杆菌7.83%(91/988);不同类别食品中食源性致病菌检出率最高的是水产品类食品,58.65%(61/104),其次分别为生畜禽肉57.77%(104/180)、豆制品45.61%(26/57);不同采样场所中检出率最高的是便利店及零售店,为31.76%(135/425),其次是街头摊位30.24%(88/291)、饭馆29.75%(83/279);不同季节检出率最高的是第三季度,为31.05%(245/789),其次分别为第二季度17.6%(126/716)和第四季度16.52%(58/351),第一季度未检测;不同包装食品检出率最高的是散装食品,为23.93%(134/560),其次为定形包装食品10.74%(110/1024)。结论2013-2018年渭南市市售食品的卫生状况总体不容乐观,非01群霍乱弧菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌是食品污染的主要致病菌。相关部门应当引起高度重视,根据其流行特点,做好早期预防,以预防和控制食源性疾病的发生,提高人民生活质量。

Objective To understand the pollution of foodborne pathogens in Weinan City,provide reference for food safety assessment.Methods From 2013-2018,a detection of foodborne pathogens was conducted in 1856 food samples from different category,place,quarter and packing in Weinan City.Results Totally 429 strains of 13 kinds of foodborne pathogens were detected,with the total detection rate of 23.11%.The detection rate of Vibrio cholerae(non-01)was the highest(21.61%,91/421),followed by Listeria monocytogenes(9.21%,91/988)and Bacillus cereus(7.83%,91/988).Among the different types of foods,the detection rate of foodborne pathogens in the aquatic products was the highest(58.65%,61/104),followed by the raw livestock and poultry(57.77%,104/180)and the bean products(45.61%,26/57).In the different sampling sites,the detection ate in the convenience stores and retail stores was the highest(31.76%,135/425),followed by the street stalls(30.24%,88/291)and the restaurant(29.75%,83/279).In the different seasons,the detection rate in the third quarter was the highest(31.05%,245/789),followed by the second quarter(17.6%,126/716)and the fourth quarter(16.52%,58/351),while the detection was not conducted in the first quarter.In the different packaging types,the detection rate in the unpacked foods was the highest(23.93%,134/560),followed by the shaped packaged food(10.74%,110/1024).Conclusion The health status of food on the markets of Weinan City from 2013-2018 is not optimistic,while Vibrio cholerae(non-01),Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus are the main pathogens of food pollution.Relevant departments should pay great attention to it,carry out early prevention according to their epidemic characteristics so as to prevent and control the occurrence of foodborne diseases and improve people's quality of life.