HBV感染且E抗原阳性孕妇妊娠晚期喂养方式选择的质性研究

Qualitative study on choice of feeding mode of HBV positive pregnant women in late stage pregnancy

目的:研究影响乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染的E抗原(HBeAg)阳性孕妇妊娠晚期喂养方式选择的因素。方法:运用现象学研究法,对16名HBeAg阳性孕妇进行半结构式访谈,并采用Colaizzi现象学7步分析法对资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果:有意愿进行母乳喂养的有9位(56.3%),影响HBeAg阳性孕妇妊娠晚期母乳喂养意愿的因素可归纳为4个主题:担心传染婴儿及自身疾病的压力、医务人员及家人态度对孕妇选择母乳喂养的影响、母乳喂养知识缺乏及奶粉广告的影响、角色转变后母乳喂养影响生活及工作。结论:应加强对HBeAg阳性孕妇健康宣教,并于妊娠晚期针对缺漏知识进行个体化专业指导;同时各级医护人员应加强对新指南、文献学习,统一指导建议,科学指导母乳喂养;社会、家庭也应加强协作,支持母乳喂养,共同提高HBeAg阳性产妇母乳喂养率。

Objective:To understand the factors affecting the selection of breast feeding of HBV positive pregnant women.Methods:Phenomenological research method was performed.Totally 16 HBV positive pregnant women were interviewed with semi-structured questionnaire.Colaizzi phenomenological 7-step analysis was applied to analyze the data.Results:Nine(56.3%)pregnant women were willing to breast feeding.The influencing factors could be divided into four themes:the stress of transmission the disease to the baby,the attitude of the medical staff and family members to breast feeding,the lack of knowledge of breast-feeding and the advertisement of milk powder,and the influence of breastfeeding to the role change.Conclusion:Health education of HBeAg-positive pregnant women with HBV infection should be strengthened.Individualized professional guidance on breast feeding can be given to pregnant women in order to improve the willingness of breast feeding.