山东省旅游生态敏感性空间结构研究

Sensitivity-Based Analysis of Ecospatial Structure of Tourism Industry in Shandong Province

生态环境多样化和自然旅游资源丰富是山东旅游发展的重要特点.以山东省137个县(市、区)为最基本的研究单元,运用生态敏感性评价法,以自然和社会作为分析因子,构建了山东省旅游生态敏感性指标体系.利用地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感技术(RS技术)基于遥感影像、矢量及栅格等地理空间数据,进行空间分析和数据处理,并使用ArcGIS进行综合生态敏感性分析,得到生态敏感性等级分布图.研究结果表明,整体上山东省生态敏感性处于中等水平,高度敏感、较高敏感和中度敏感区域呈圈层状分布.结合目前山东省土地利用地域分布的实际情况,按照旅游业发展环境的生态特征,将山东省按县级行政区单元划分为4个旅游生态空间类型,分析了各个空间类型的特点和其旅游发展方向,进而提出了山东省旅游发展对策.

The diversification of ecological environment and the abundant natural tourism resources are important characteristics of Shandong tourism development.With 137 Counties of Shandong Province as the research object,index system has been established in this paper.Based on natural ecological and socio-economic data,eight ecological factors have been selected as indicators for eco-sensitivity evaluation,i.e.elevation,slope,slope direction,road,water area,vegetation coverage,precipitation and land use type.The combination of GIS,RS technology and multi-factor evaluation method has been used to obtain the spatial distribution map of eco-sensitivity in Shandong Province.The survey shows that the ecological sensitivity of Shandong Province is at a medium level.On the whole,the areas of highly sensitive,sensitive,moderately sensitive are distributed in circles and layers.Based on ecological sensitivity score,the analysis results and the actual situation of the spatial pattern distribution of various types of land use,rational development and scientific protection should be carried out.Shandong Province is divided into four types of tourism areas,namely,tourism ecology protection area and tourism ecology restriction area,optimization and development of tourism ecology area,and key development of tourism ecology area.