立体商标获得显著性认定研究

An Identification Study on the Acquired Distinctiveness of Three-Dimensional Trademark

商标的显著性分为固有显著性与获得显著性,获得显著性是立体商标获得注册的必要条件。然而,立体商标获得显著性的判断是一个棘手的问题。实践中存在对同一或类似立体商标显著性的认定结果或认定理由不一致的现象。正确认识相关公众的认知习惯和科学衡量商标的使用方式、时长和范围等因素是立体商标获得显著性判断的两个重要方面。文章通过分析立体商标主要案例以及商标行政审查和司法部门的认定思路及理由,对立体商标获得显著性认定因素从法律规定、逻辑推理及国外实践等方面进行分析论证,提出了正确认识相关公众的认知习惯,科学界定商标的使用方式、时长和范围等因素的认定建议。

Distinctiveness of trademarks,either inherent or acquired,is a necessary condition for the registration of a three-dimensional trademark,but the judgment of the distinctiveness is a common problem.In practice,there are differences in the results of the identification of the same or similar three-dimensional trademarks or the reasons for the inconsistency.The relevant public’s cognitive habits and scientific measurement of the use of the trademark,duration and scope are important identification factors.This article analyzes the main cases of three-dimensional trademarks,as well as the ideas of trademark administrative review and judicial department.Identification factors from the perspective of legal regulations,logical reasoning and foreign practices are summarized.Suggestions for correct understanding of the relevant public’s cognitive habits,scientific definition of the use of trademarks,scope and duration are proposed.