基于位移控制的可实现车钩碰撞精确解锁装置研究

Research on Precise Unlocking Device of Coupler Collision based on Displacement Control

为防止列车碰撞时车钩不能及时剪断,造成防爬齿非正常啮合而发生骑爬事故,研究了一种基于位移控制的可实现车钩碰撞精确解锁装置.首先介绍了解锁装置的构成和基本工作原理,并对解锁装置的关键参数进行了设计.然后通过有限元对理想情况的解锁过程及偏载情况下的解锁过程进行了仿真分析,验证了解锁装置可靠的解锁性能,最后对本装置的缩比试件进行落锤冲击试验.通过仿真和试验表明:位移控制的车钩解锁装置比传统剪切力控制的解锁装置能更精确的实现车钩解锁.

In order to prevent the coupler from being not cut off in time when the train collides,causing the anti-climbing teeth to not mesh properly and riding accidents,a precise unlocking device for coupler collision based on displacement control is researched.The structure and basic working principle of the unlocking device are introduced,and the key parameters of the unlocking device are designed.Through finite element analysis of the unlocking process in the ideal case and the unlocking process under eccentric load,the reliable unlocking performance of the unlocking device is verified.Finally,a drop weight impact test is performed on the reduced-scale test piece of the device.Simulation and experiments show that the unlocking device of the coupler controlled by displacement can achieve the unlocking of the coupler more accurately than the unlocking device controlled by the traditional shear force.