试论两汉随葬车马明器

Miniature Chariot Fittings from Han Period Burials

车马明器随葬在商周时期即已有较多出现,是真实车马埋葬的一种表现形式,随着车马埋葬制度与丧葬观念的变化而有所发展。两汉时期,根据墓主人等级的不同,车马明器在组合形式、数量、规模等方面不尽相同。受当时社会政治、丧葬思想、价值观念等多方面的影响,具有鲜明的时代特点。

The practice of burying miniature chariot fittings had appeared since the Shang-Zhou period,as a symbolic representation of burying actual chariot and horses.This practice also changed alongside the transformation of chariot burying system and funeral ideology.During the Han periods,the assemblage,numbers,and scale of miniature chariot in funerary practices varied according to the rank tomb of occupants.The contemporary social-politic situation,funeral ideology,and social values all imposed impacts on this mortuary practice,with distinctive temporary characteristics.