赣南地区人才空间格局演变特征及其影响因素分析

Spatial pattern evolution and impact factors of talents distribution in Southern Jiangxi

文章基于第四、五、六次全国人口普查分县资料,运用基尼系数、集中化指数等人口分布不均衡指数及偏最小二乘回归法,对赣南地区人才空间格局演变特征及其主要影响因素进行分析。研究发现:赣南地区人才规模持续增大,增速高于同期人口增长;人才空间格局演变特征上,中心城区始终为人才集聚高地,但增速低于县域人才增长,赣南地区大部分县区的人才集聚水平显著提升;人才空间格局与市域城镇发展空间结构基本一致,并围绕经济区呈组团式集中,经历了由单中心集聚向多中心集聚的演变,片区式增长特征明显;人才分布虽表现出不均衡性,但人才空间分异逐渐缩小,不均衡趋势有所减缓;城镇化与人口规模、经济发展与投资规模及公共服务水平是影响赣南地区人才空间格局的重要因素,空间距离和自然环境因素对人才空间格局的影响相对较弱。

Based on the 4th,the 5th and the 6th county level population census in China,the Gini coefficient,concentration index,population distribution unbalanced index and partial least squares regression are adopted to analyze the spatial pattern evolution and the impact factors of talents distribution in Ganzhou.The results are as follows:the scale of talents has been increasing since 1990 in Ganzhou,and the growth rate is higher than the population growth in the same period;in terms of the characteristics of spatial pattern evolvement of talents,the central urban area has always been the highland for talents gathering,but its growth rate is lower than the other counties.Most of counties have achieved a significant improvement at the level of talents gathering;the spatial pattern of talents is basically consistent with the urban spatial structure of the city,and it is distributed in groups around economic zones.It has experienced the evolvement from single-center agglomeration to multi-center agglomeration,and finally presents the characteristics of regional growth;Although the distribution of talents is still unbalanced, the trend of imbalance is slowing down, and the spatial differentiation of talents is gradually shrinking;The rate of urbanization and the size of population, the economic development and the scale of investment, and the public service facilities are important factors that affect the spatial pattern of talents in Ganzhou while the other factors, such as spatial distance and natural environment, are less important.