2019冠状病毒病防控一线人员的心理状况

Mental health of front-line staff in prevention of coronavirus disease 2019

目的:2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情为全球公共卫生危机,引发了不同人群的各种心理问题。本研究旨在了解COVID-19疫情对防控一线工作人员心理状况的影响。方法:在问卷星平台采用电子量表进行滚雪球抽样调查,使用抑郁症筛查量表(Patient Health Questionnare-9,PHQ-9)、焦虑自评量表(SelfRating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、疲劳自评量表(Fatigue Self-assessment Scale,FSAS)评估一线工作人员抑郁、焦虑、疲劳度。结果:一线工作人员抑郁检出率49.1%,焦虑检出率21.8%,疲劳检出率76.0%,其中社区、乡镇工作人员抑郁、焦虑、疲劳检出率较医护人员、其他职业者高(P<0.01)。一线工作人员的PHQ-9与年龄、家庭收入、家人的支持、服务对象是否满意、睡眠质量呈负相关(均P<0.01),与文化程度、担心感染肺炎、每天关注疫情的时间以及疲劳呈正相关(均P<0.01)。SAS与年龄、家庭收入、家人的支持、服务对象是否满意、睡眠质量呈负相关(均P<0.01),与性别、担心感染肺炎、每天关注疫情的时长以及疲劳呈正相关(均P<0.01)。结论:一线防控工作人员自身应合理安排工作和休息时间,及时调节不良情绪,缓解疲劳;政府部门和社会在关注COVID-19疫情时,也应多关心一线防控工作人员,尤其是社区、乡镇工作人员的心理状态,及时对他们采取调休、心理干预等措施。

Objective:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is a global public health crisis,which elicits psychological problems in different population.This study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on mental health in the front-line staff.Methods:Patient Health Questionnare-9(PHQ-9),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Fatigue Self-assessment Scale(FSAS)were used to assess the depression,anxiety,and fatigue in front-line staff.Results:The detection rates of depression,anxiety,and fatigue were 49.1%,21.8%,and 76.0%among the front-line staff.The rates of depression,anxiety,and fatigue in community workers were higher than those in medical workers and other occupational staff(P<0.01).The PHQ-9 of front-line staffs was negatively correlated with age,family income,family members’support,satisfaction of service objects,and sleep quality(all P<0.01),while positively correlated with education level,fatigue,fear of pneumonia,and the duration of daily attention to the COVID-19(all P<0.01).SAS was negatively correlated with age,family income,family support,satisfaction of objects service,and sleep quality(all P<0.01),while positively correlated with gender,fatigue,fear of pneumonia,and duration of daily attention to the COVID-19(all P<0.01).Conclusion:The front-line workers should manage work and rest time reasonably to adjust their negative mood and fatigue.The government and the society should pay more attention to the psychological state of the front-line staff,particularly for the staff working in the community or villages and towns in preventing the COVID-19 pandemic.Thus,front-line staff can be obtained mental intervention or be taken a rest from the high-intensive work.