2019冠状病毒病疫情期间某综合医院员工的心理状态及其影响因素

Psychological status of the staff in a general hospital during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 and its influential factors

目的:了解2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情期间综合医院员工的心理现状并分析其影响因素,为医院员工心理服务提供参考依据。方法:通过问卷星平台,应用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(Depression,Anxiety and Stress Scale,DASS-21)、社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rating Scale,SSRS)、简易应对方式量表(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,SCSQ)对某三级综合医院的员工进行调查,采用描述性分析、秩和检验、单因素分析、相关性分析及多因素二元logistic回归分析探讨相关影响因素。结果:回收有效问卷2060份。护士和保洁员负性情绪最明显,其中护士抑郁得分5.06±7.47,焦虑得分6.36±7.84,压力得分9.75±8.65;保洁员抑郁得分6.72±8.84,焦虑得分4.51±6.56,压力得分9.69±9.56。多因素二元logistic回归分析显示:岗位类别、文化程度、职务、疫情对经济的影响、防护物质供给不足的担心程度是抑郁的影响因素;岗位类别、与感染者接触情况、疫情对经济的影响、防护物质供给不足的担心程度、疾病史是焦虑的影响因素;与感染者接触情况、疫情对经济影响,对防护物质供给不足的担心程度是压力的影响因素。结论:疫情期间综合医院不同人群的心理特征有差异,需根据不同人群及其工作状态制订相应的心理防护及干预措施。

Objective:To understand the psychological status of the staff in a general hospital during the coronavirus disease 2019 and its influential factors,and to provide references for the mental health services to hospital staff.Methods:Using star platform of questionnaire,the staff in the general hospital were investigated via Depression,Anxiety,Stress Scale(DASS-21),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).The influential factors were discussed by descriptive analysis,rank sum test,single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple factors binary logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 2060 valid questionnaires were collected.The negative emotions of nurses and cleaners were the most obvious.The depression scores,anxiety scores and stress scores for nurses and cleaners were 5.06±7.47,6.36±7.84,9.75±8.65,and 6.72±8.84,4.51±6.56,9.69±9.56,respectively.Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that staff types,education levels,job status,economic situation and concerns on the supplies of protective goods were the main influential factors for depression;staff types,contacting status with infected patients,economic situation,concerns on the supplies of protective goods,history of disease were the main influential factors for anxiety;contacting status with infected patients,economic situation,concerns on the supplies of protective goods were the main influential factors for stress.Conclusion:There are differences in psychological characteristics among different groups of staff in the general hospital under the outbreak.Thus psychological protection and intervention measures should be formulated according to different groups and work status.