历史唯物主义空间转向的当代审思

Contemporary Reflections on the Spatial Turn of Historical Materialism

历史唯物主义空间转向思潮大体上是顺应晚期资本主义发展变化,回应西方学者对生产主义的质疑和西方批判理论逻辑演进的产物。历史唯物主义空间转向为我们提供了解码资本主义矛盾危机的新视窗,孵化出了反抗资本主义的新力量,在一定程度上丰富和促进了对历史唯物主义的阐发。但据此认为历史唯物主义空间缺场值得商榷。事实上,马克思及其继承者始终保持通过空间视域的管道,在现实的生产逻辑和社会关系中来诠释“空间”,空间维度内嵌于现实逻辑中。因而对历史唯物主义的当代诠释必须契合资本主义历史和当代现实,而不是以纯粹的逻辑来断言马克思空间思想的缺场,更非简单地从时间走向空间,用空间本体论来取代生产逻辑。

The trend of the spatial turn of historical materialism is generally conforming with the development and changes of late capitalism,and responding to the doubts of western scholars about productivism,which is also the product of the logical evolution of western critical theory.The spatial turn of historical materialism provides us with a new perspect to decode the contradictions and crisis of capitalism and emerges new forces against capitalism,which enriches and promotes the interpretations of historical materialism to a certain extent.However,the absence of historical materialism in space according to the above-mentioned reasons is debatable.As a matter of fact,Marx and his successors have been maintaining the horizon of space to interpret space in the realistic productive logic and social relations from the beginning to the end,which means the spatial dimension is embedded in the logic of reality.As a result,the contemporary interpretations of historical materialism must be based on the history of capitalism and social reality,rather than asserting the absence of Marx s thought of space by pure logic,instead of simply transforming time to space or replacing productive logic by spatial ontology.