挡烟垂壁对侧式地铁站烟气蔓延影响分析

Analysis on the Influence of Draft Curtain on Smoke Spread in Side Platform Subway Station

为研究挡烟垂壁位置、高度及数量在侧式地铁站中对烟气流动影响,以某地下双层侧式站台车站为背景,采用PyroSim软件模拟不同工况下烟气能见度和温度场的分布情况。结果表明,高度1.0 m的挡烟垂壁比0.5 m、0 m更能有效控制烟气蔓延至站厅层,高度每增加0.5 m,可以延长烟气蔓延到站厅层时间为20 s;挡烟垂壁设置在左右楼梯口处比设置在站台走廊上空对烟气的抑制效果好,可以延长烟气扩散到站厅层时间26 s;设置4个挡烟垂壁比设置2个可以延长烟气蔓延到站厅层时间为18 s。研究结果可为挡烟垂壁在侧式地铁站应用提供合理依据。

As a partition between fire zones in buildings,draft curtain is mainly used to prevent the horizontal flow of smoke and hot gas in case of fire,prevent the smoke generated in case of fire from quickly spreading to other zones.In order to study the influence of the position,height and quantity of draft curtain on the smoke flow in the side platform subway station.With the experiment set at the double-deck side platform subway station,PyroSim software is used to simulate the smoke visibility and temperature distribution under different working conditions.The results show that the 1.0 m high draft curtain is more effective than the 0.5 m and 0 m high draft curtain in controlling the smoke from spreading to the station hall.Every 0.5 m increase in height can prolong the time of smoke spread to the station hall for about 20 s;setting the draft curtain at the left and right stairways is better than setting it over the platform corridor to inhibit the smoke,which can increase the time of smoke spread to the station hall to about 26 s;compared with the only two,setting four draft curtains can increase the time of smoke spread to the station hall to about 18 s.It provides a reasonable basis for the application of draft curtain in side platform subway station.