仡佬族传统民居庭院特色研究——以务川龙潭村为例

Research on the Courtyard Characteristics of Gelao Traditional Folk Houses——A Case Study of Longtan Village in Wuchuan

务川龙潭村仡佬族传统民居庭院是仡佬族人民居住智慧的结晶,它集中反映了仡佬族人民的自然适应性及社会适应性.通过对务川龙潭村仡佬族传统民居庭院实地走访调查,选取保存相对完整,具有典型代表性的中寨民居庭院作为研究对象,从庭院景观空间围合要素及庭院其他组成元素的外在形态表征,庭院空间功能、空间组成、空间平面形态,庭院空间单元与地形及道路的结合方式,庭院空间组团的组合形式等几个方面着手,详细剖析仡佬族传统民居庭院的外在形态特征并总结归纳,进而通过庭院空间的外在形态特征分析其影响因素.最后分析总结了龙潭古寨仡佬族民居庭院的景观空间特征,以期促进人们对该民族及其居住环境外在形态与内在文化的了解.

The courtyards of the traditional residence of the Gelao in Longtan village of Wuchuan are the crystallization of people's wisdom.It is a concentrated reflection of the natural adaptability and social adaptability of the Gelao people.Based on a field survey of the Gelao traditional residential courtyards in Longtan village of Wuchuan,this paper selects the typical and relatively complete Zhongzhai residential courtyard as the research object.Starting from the external landscape characterization of courtyard landscape space enclosure elements and other courtyard elements,courtyard space function,space composition,space plane form,courtyard space unit and terrain and road combination,and the combination form of the courtyard space group,this paper presents a detailed analysis and a concise summary of the external form characteristics of the Gelao traditional residential courtyards,and then analyzes the influencing factors through the external morphological characteristics of the courtyard space.Based on the above discussion,this paper analyzes and summarizes the landscape space characteristics and landscape features of Gelao peoples courtyards in Longtan ancient village,so as to promote peoples understanding of the external form and internal culture of this ethnic group and its living environment.