玉米自交系698-3改良系主要性状及其产量配合力比较研究

Comparative Studies on Main Characters and Yield Combining Ability of Improved Lines Derived from Maize Inbred Line 698-3

以玉米自交系698-3及改良系为试验材料,比较研究改良系与原自交系性状差异,分析不同改良系产量配合力及组合杂种优势表现,明确其遗传改良效果和育种利用潜力。结果表明,各改良系在吐丝期、株高、主要经济性状及产量等方面均产生了不同程度的变异,改良系K336有13个性状与自交系698-3达显著或极显著差异,是表型差异最大的改良系,改良系SP698-3-17和SP698-3-11的表型差异最小。单株产量GCA正效应较大的改良系依次为K336、K389和698-3GT42,多数改良系组合单株产量SCA效应差异不显著。多数组合统一对照优势为显著负优势,只有组合205-11×K336达显著正优势,其优势值达12.27%;36个改良系组合的分类对照优势多数为正优势,其中7个组合的正优势达显著或极显著水平。综上,改良系K336和K389的产量及主要经济性状和产量配合力均得到显著改良,其组合特殊配合力以及杂种优势总体表现较高,可作为高产育种用亲本。

Maize inbred line 698-3 and its improved lines were selected as research materials,the character differences between inbred 698-3 and its improved lines were comparatively studied through morphological data;in order to understand genetic improvement effect and breeding potential,heterosis and combining ability of yield were analyzed.The main achievements were as follows:the analytical results of phenotypic characters showed that,im⁃proved lines have various degrees of variation in silking stage,plant height,main economic traits and yield com⁃pared with the original maize inbred line 698-3.The improved line K336 have the most difference of phenotypic characters,and its 13 characters reach a significant difference in comparison with the 698-3.In contrast,improved lines SP698-3-17,SP698-3-11 are all the least difference of phenotypic characters.Positive GCA effect value of yield was in the sequence of K336,K389 and 698-3GT42,the most of improved line combinations in SCA of yield had no significant difference in comparison with the CK.Most of combinations’unification heterosis reach at 5%sig⁃nificant negative level in comparison with Chuandan418,and only the 205-11×K336 reach at 5%positive signifi⁃cant level,with the value of 12.27%,the corresponding heterosis of the most of 36 improved line’s combinations are positive value in comparison with corresponding 698-3 combination,among them,seven combinations reach at 1%or 5%significant positive level.In summary,the main economic characters and yield and their yield GCA of im⁃proved lines K336 and K389 have a better improvement,some of their combinations’yield SCA,and yield heterosis all have a better performance,they could be used as ideal parents in high yield breeding.