利用秋水仙素喷淋加倍不同遗传基础的单倍体子粒探讨

Exploration of Haploid Seeds with Different Genetic Maize Breeding Materials by Spraying Colchicine

以不同血缘及不同世代的遗传育种材料为母本、高频孤雌生殖诱导系辽诱1和CAU5等为父本杂交诱导产生的单倍体子粒为实验材料,研究秋水仙素浓度为0.625 mg/mL的条件下,用喷淋加倍设备对试验材料进行8 h喷淋的加倍效果。结果表明,喷淋秋水仙素后,郑单958的S2代的材料加倍率最高,为33.75%;第2位的是L3258×H71,是NSS种质S0代材料,其加倍率为13.02%;第3位的是D299/PH4CV,为NSS种质S1代材料,加倍率为10.34%。研究表明,喷淋秋水仙素的加倍效果与遗传背景关系紧密,喷淋秋水仙素加倍率总体由高到低的顺序为郑单958>NSS种质>(SS+NSS)种质>SS种质>欧洲杂交种,喷淋秋水仙素对全部试验材料的加倍率都有提高作用,比自然加倍提高0.83~5.08倍。利用该喷淋设备加倍单倍体子粒,具有节约用药量、操作简便、便于大规模生产应用、减少人员对秋水仙素的接触、废液回收方便、有利于保护环境等优点。

Using different generations of genetic breeding materials with different genetic background as fe⁃male parent and high-frequency parthenogenetic induction line G5 as haploid induced by male parent hybridization as experimental materials,the spraying doubling equipment was used to spray the experimental materials for 8 hours under the condition of colchicine concentration of 0.625 mg/mL.After spraying colchicine,the results showed that the material doubling rate of Zhengdan958 in S2 generation was the highest,at 33.75%.Second place was L3258×H71 which was added to NSS germplasm such as Ludahonggu and then to yellow-modified S0 generation.The dou⁃bling rate was 13.02%.The third place was that NSS germplasm added to tropical germplasm S1 generation.The doubling rate was 10.34%.The results showed that the doubling effect of spraying colchicine was closely related to the genetic background.In this study,the overall order of the doubling rate of spraying colchicine was Zheng⁃dan958>NSS germplasm>(SS+NSS)germplasm>SS germplasm>European hybrid.Spraying colchicine could im⁃prove the doubling rate of all the experimental materials,which was higher than natural doubling 0.83-5.08 times.Using the spray equipment to double the haploid seeds has the advantages of saving the dosage,simple operation,convenient for large-scale production and application,reducing the contact of personnel with colchicine,convenient waste liquid recovery,and environmental protection.