幼儿同伴侵害与师幼关系:年龄的调节作用

Small Children's Peer Victimization and Teacher-Child Relationship:the Regulatory Role of Age

以巢湖市中心幼儿园441名儿童为测查对象,运用幼儿同伴侵害问卷和师幼关系问卷(教师版)来考察师幼关系对幼儿同伴侵害的影响。结果表明:4岁是建立良好师幼关系及降低同伴侵害行为发生概率的关键期;幼儿同伴侵害年龄差异显著,具体为5岁与4岁组身体侵害水平显著高于3岁组,3岁、4岁、5岁组关系侵害水平两两之间差异显著;女孩身体侵害得分高于男孩,但在关系侵害上无性别差异;亲密性和支持性与身体侵害呈显著负相关,冲突性与身体侵害呈显著正相关;除冲突性与关系侵害呈正相关外,其他三个维度均与关系侵害呈显著负相关;亲密性能够显著负向预测幼儿身体侵害,冲突性能够显著正向预测幼儿身体侵害;冲突性对关系侵害具有显著正向预测作用;年龄在同伴侵害与师幼关系间起到一定调节作用。

With 441 children from central kindergarten in Chaohu city chosen to be test subjects,children's peer victimization questionnaire and the questionnaire on the relationship between teachers and children are used to study the influence of teacher-child relationship on children's peer victimization.The results are as follows.First,the age of 4 is the critical period to build good relationship between teachers and children and lower the probability of peer victimization.Second,there exists significant age difference in small children's peer victimization.Specifically,the age group of 4 and that of 5 suffer greater physical victimization than that of 3.As for the relational victimization,significant differences stand among the groups of age 3,age 4 and age 5.Third,girls'physical victimization is higher than boys',but there is no gender difference in the relational victimization.Fourth,there exists significant negative correlation between intimacy and support and physical victimization while significant positive correlation stands between conflict and physical victimization.Fifth,the other three dimensions all have a significant negative correlation with relational victimization.Intimacy plays a significant role in negatively predicting small children's physical victimization while conflict can do that positively.Sixth,conflict has a significantly positive prediction on relational victimization.Seventh,age plays a regulatory role in peer victimization and the teacher-children relationship.