黄河流域高级别旅游景区空间分布特征及影响因素

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of High-Level Tourist Attractions in the Yellow River Basin

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的重大决策,迫切要求开展黄河流域旅游业发展的整体研究。以GIS10.3作为主要分析工具,系统梳理了黄河流域内1010个3A级以上旅游景区的空间分布特征和影响因素,结果表明:①黄河流域高级别景区整体呈"大分散、小集聚"的分布状态,三大自然区划内景区分布悬殊,东部季风区数量最多、密度最大;②黄河流域高级别景区空间分布类型以凝聚型为主,在流域中下游的西安、济南等沿黄城市附近形成大的凝聚中心;③黄河流域高级别景区核密度分布空间差异显著,整体呈倒"入"字形结构,不同级别景区之间存在密度差异;④黄河流域高级别景区之间存在较强的空间自相关,空间关联类型以正相关为主,且集聚特征明显;⑤自然地理环境、旅游资源禀赋、交通区位、社会经济发展水平和旅游经济联系强度对黄河流域高级别景区的空间分布具有显著影响,且对不同类型不同级别景区的影响程度存在差异。最后,文章针对黄河流域景区空间格局优化及旅游经济高质量发展提出了建议。

Major decisions on ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin urgently call for a comprehensive study on the development of tourism in the Yellow River Basin.Using GIS 10.3 as the main analysis tool,systematically sorted out the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 1010 tourist attractions above Grade 3A in the Yellow River Basin.The results showed that:1)The high-level scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin as a whole have a"large dispersion and small cluster"distribution.The distribution of scenic spots in the three nature areas is very different,and the Eastern China has the largest number and the highest density;2)The spatial distribution types of high-level scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin are mainly cohesive,and form large cohesion centers near the cities along the Yellow River,such as Xi’an and Jinan in the lower reaches of the basin;3)The spatial distribution of nuclear density in high-level scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin is significantly different.The overall structure has an inverted"in"shape,and there are density differences between different levels of scenic spots;4)There is strong spatial autocorrelation among high-level scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin.The spatial correlation types are mainly positive correlations,and the clustering characteristics are obvious;5)The natural geographical environment,tourism resource endowment,transportation location,socio-economic development level,and tourism economic connection intensity have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of high-level scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin,and there are differences in the degree of impact on different types of different scenic spots.Finally,the article puts forward suggestions for the optimization of the spatial pattern of scenic spots in the Yellow River Basin and the high-quality development of tourism economy.