我国省域物流集群竞争力研究

Research on Competitiveness of Provincial Logistics Clusters in China

以2012-2017年我国31个省域(不含港澳台)的面板数据为支撑,运用GEM模型分析省域物流集群竞争力作用机制,运用熵权PCA法识别关键因子,结合GIS方法实证研究我国省域物流集群竞争力演变规律与发展特征,结果表明:影响2012-2017年我国省域物流集群综合竞争力的关键要素体现在科技、创新、人才、物流环境等领域,传统产业、地理区位、经济水平等作用效果正在弱化。我国省域物流集群竞争力水平整体上呈现东强西弱格局,东部沿海省域保持高位区间,省域间发展较为均衡;以湖南、江西、安徽等为代表的中部省域崛起迅速,物流集群竞争力的溢出效应明显;传统资源与产业依赖型省域辽宁、山西等降速显著,竞争动力不足。同时受区位与聚集的影响,省域物流集群的区域聚类性特征突出,处于引领地位的省域具有核心扩散效用,拉动区域各省域物流集群竞争力发展。最后,对省域物流集群竞争力的提升给出发展建议,以促进我国物流行业的高质量发展。

This paper collects the panel data of 31 provinces(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in China from 2012 to 2017,to analyze the mechanism of provincial logistics clusters competitiveness with the GEM model,and to identify the key factors by entropy weight PCA method.The evolving regulars and developing characteristics about the competitiveness of provincial logistics clusters in China is positive researched with the GIS method.The results show that:The key factors affecting the comprehensive competitiveness of provincial logistics clusters in China from 2012 to 2017 are science and technology,innovation,talent,and logistics environment.The effects of traditional industries,geographical location and economic level are weakening.On the whole,the competitiveness level of provincial logistics clusters presents the setup of strong east and weak west.The eastern coastal provinces maintain high-level areas,and the interprovincial development is more balanced.The central provinces,represented by Hunan,Jiangxi and Anhui,have risen rapidly,and the spillover effect about the competitiveness of logistics clusters is obvious.Traditional resources and industry-dependent provinces such as Liaoning and Shanxi has slowed down significantly,and has insufficient competitive power.At the same time,affected by the location and agglomeration,the regional clustering characteristics of provincial logistics clusters are outstanding.The leading provinces have the core diffusion effect,which promotes the competitiveness development of regional provincial logistics clusters.Finally,this paper gives some suggestions on how to improve the competitiveness of provincial logistics clusters in order to promote the high-quality development of China’s logistics industry.