裸子植物应用于昆明园林的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Gymnosperms Applied in Kunming Gardens

【目的】对昆明市园林绿地裸子植物种植质资源和应用现状进行调查,为未来昆明市园林规划配置中裸子植物的应用提供参考及理论依据。【方法】对昆明45个园林绿地中裸子植物种类进行实地调查,以调查到的70种裸子植物为研究对象,从观赏价值、景观应用潜力及生态适应性3个方面,提出12个裸子植物综合评价指标,建立层次分析(AHP)评价模型,对昆明市裸子植物资源的园林应用综合价值进行评价,根据综合评价得分划分等级。【结果】权重值排序观赏价值(0.6833)>生态适应性(0.1998)>景观应用潜力(0.1168)。通过综合评价结果,得到裸子植物Ⅰ级(≥4)7种、Ⅱ级(3.5~4.0)23种、Ⅲ级(3.0~3.5)30种、Ⅳ级(<3.0)10种。参考AHP的综合评价及各层次评价结果,推荐Ⅰ级资源作为林带的基调树和主景树大力开发使用,Ⅱ级资源可适当开发,Ⅲ级资源可选择具有价值的开发和利用,Ⅳ级资源树种暂不推荐开发利用。【结论】研究结果可为昆明市园林树种选择和园林应用提供科学参考,研究方法也可为其他特定生境植物筛选提供借鉴。

【Objective】The study was to investigate the gymnosperm planting resources and their application status in green space of Kunming gardens,and to provide references and theoretical basis for the application of gymnosperms in garden planning and configuration of Kunming in the future.【Method】A field survey was conducted on the gymnosperm species in green space of 45 gardens in Kunming,and 70 investigated gymnosperms were used as research objects,then 12 comprehensive evaluation indexes of gymnosperms were put forward from three aspects of ornamental value,landscape application potential and ecological adaptability.The AHP evaluation model was established to evaluate the comprehensive value of landscape application of gymnosperm resources in Kunming,and a hierarchy was made according to the comprehensive evaluation score.【Results】The order of weight value was showed as:ornamental value(0.6833)>ecological adaptability(0.1998)>landscape application potential(0.1168).According to the comprehensive evaluation results,7 species of gymnosperms of gradeⅠ(≥4),23 species of gradeⅡ(3.5-4.0),30 species of gradeⅢ(3.0-3.5),and 10 species of gradeⅣ(<3)were obtained.With reference to the results of comprehensive evaluation of AHP and evaluation of all levels,it is recommended that gradeⅠresources be used as keynote trees and main landscape trees in forest belts;gradeⅡresources be properly developed;and gradeⅢresources be selected for valuable development and utilization;while gradeⅣresource tree species are not recommended for development and utilization.【Conclusion】The research results can provide a scientific reference for the selection and application of garden trees in Kunming, and the researchmethods can also provide a reference for the screening of plants in other specific habitats.