煤矿井下深孔爆破技术的应用研究

Application of deep hole blasting technology in coal mine

针性煤矿井下厚煤层综采作业面顶板硬度大、厚度高、其平衡结构向着顶板的深处转移,无法在矿压波动下自行垮落,给煤矿井下综采作业安全带来严重隐患的现状,提出了一种新的以人工对顶板进行深孔爆破,控制顶板垮落的技术。以典型地质条件下的硬质顶板为例,对深孔爆破技术方案和应用效果进行了研究。根据实际应用表明,煤矿井下的深孔爆破技术方案能够有效地处理顶板硬度大、无法自行垮落的问题,顶煤出采率提升24.1%以上,极大地提升了煤矿井下综采作业安全性和经济性,具有较大的应用推广价值。

In view of the fact that the roof of the fully mechanized mining face in the thick coal seam in the coal mine is hard and thick,and its balance structure is transferred to the depth of the roof,so it can't break down automatically under the fluctuation of the mine pressure,which brings serious hidden danger to the safety of the fully mechanized mining operation in the coal mine,a new technology of deep hole blasting for the roof by hand is put forward to control the collapse of the roof.Taking the hard roof under typical geological conditions as an example,the technical scheme and application effect of deep hole blasting are studied.According to the practical application,the safety and economy of fully mechanized mining operation in the coal mine have greatly improved the deep hole blasting technology scheme,which can effectively deal with the phenomenon that the roof is hard and can not collapse by itself.The top coal extraction rate has been increased by more than 24.1%,which has great application and promotion value.