Development and achievements of domestic hospital management: Theory and practice of research hospitals

As the organizations concerning life and health of human beings,hospitals strive to provide scientific facts and quality services,the management of which are fundamentally standardized by every country and evaluated against those set of measurements.Examples such as International Organization for Standardization("ISO"),Joint Commission International("JCI")by Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations("JCAHO")established in 1951 in the United States;National Agency for Health Accreditation and Evaluation("ANAES")by France;Kooperation für Transparenz und Qualität im Krankenhaus("KTQ")by Germany;NIAE standards by Netherlands;Hospital Quality Standards("HQS")by Britain to incorporate other segments into a wholistic system for quality measurement;The Australian Council on Healthcare Standards("ACHS")and its Japanese counterpart encompassing"JCAHO"guidelines and local customization etc.Ever since its foundation in 1949,China has effectively pushed through its development of hospital management by formulating civilized hospital management policies,three-tier hospital classification and evaluation system,gauging public satisfaction,and etc.