学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿患病情况及影响因素分析

Analysis on the prevalence influencing factors of deciduous teeth caries in preschool children

目的分析学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿患病情况及影响因素,为学龄前儿童口腔保健提供理论依据。方法选取2015-2018年丽水市中医院收治的学龄前儿童582例,调查其乳牙龋齿患病情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿患病的影响因素。结果 575名学龄前儿童中,患龋率为49.91%,龋均为(2.31±0.35)颗。随着年龄增长,患龋率、龋均呈升高趋势(F值分别为25.773、26.398,P值均<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,学龄前儿童患龋率与喂养方式、进食甜点频率、开始刷牙年龄、进食碳酸饮料频率、检查刷牙效果、刷牙频率、家长对窝沟封闭及早期充填龋齿、含氟牙膏使用与否重要性的认知程度、家长文化程度有关(χ^2值分别为12.862、28.955、42.938、38.276、54.492、26.308、15.473、63.492、114.428,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、经常进食甜点、刷牙频率、含氟牙膏使用与否、家长对窝沟封闭及早期充填龋齿重要性的认知程度、家长文化程度、经常进食碳酸饮料是学龄前儿童龋齿发生的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童乳牙患龋率偏高,需加强对儿童以及家长的口腔卫生健康宣传教育。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of deciduous teeth caries in preschool children and its influencing factors,provide theoretical basis for oral health care of preschool children.Methods Five hundred and eighty-two preschool children in Lishui hospital of traditional chinese medicine were selected from 2015 to 2018.The prevalence of deciduous teeth caries in preschool children and the influencing factors of deciduous teeth caries in preschool children were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results Among 575 preschool children,the caries rate was 49.91%.The dmft were(2.31±0.35) caries.With the increase of age,the caries rate and dmft increased(F=25.773,26.398,P<0.05).The incidence of dental caries in preschool children was related to feeding style,frequency of eating dessert,age of starting brushing teeth,frequency of eating carbonated beverage,effect of examining children’s brushing teeth,frequency of brushing teeth,parents’ awareness of pit and fissure closure and early filling of dental caries,importance of using fluoride toothpaste or not,and parents’ educational level(χ^2=12.862,28.955,42.938,38.276,54.492,26.308,15.473,63.492,114.428,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,frequent dessert consumption,frequency of brushing teeth,use of fluoride toothpaste or not,parents’ awareness of the importance of pit and fissure closure and early filling of dental caries,frequent consumption of carbonated beverages and parents’ educational level were the main factors affecting the occurrence of dental caries in preschool children(P<0.05).Conclusion The caries rate of primary teeth in preschool children is high,so oral health education of children and parents should be strengthened.