佳木斯市2014-2017年生肉食品安全风险监测情况分析

Analysis of raw meat food safety risk monitoring in Jiamusi from 2014 to 2017

目的分析佳木斯市生肉食品卫生安全状况,了解主要致病菌污染水平和趋势,为相关部门采取防控措施提供依据。方法利用"全国食品微生物风险监测数据汇总系统平台"获取有关数据,利用Excel 2010及SPSS 20.0对数据进行分析。结果佳木斯市2014-2017年共监测110份生肉样本,阳性样本53份,检出率为48.18%。2016年致病菌检出率(90.00%)高于其他年份,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=19.52,P<0.01),鸡肉致病菌检出率(67.74%)比其他种类生肉高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=13.69,P<0.01),6种致病菌中弯曲菌检出率最高(38.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=30.44,P<0.01),农贸市场致病菌检出率(53.33%)高于超市(42.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=24.95,P<0.01)。结论佳木斯市生肉食品食源性致病菌污染状况较为普遍,存在安全隐患。应加强对重点场所(农贸市场)以及重点生肉食品(鸡肉、鸭肉等)的食品安全监测与监管,全面提升食品安全保障水平。

Objective To analyze the health and safety status of raw meat in Jiamusi,understand the contamination level and trend of major pathogenic bacteria,provide basis for relevant departments to take preventive and control measures.Methods "National food microbial risk monitoring data summary system platform" was used to obtain relevant data,and Excel2010 and SPSS 20.0 were used to analyze the data.The Chi-square test was used for the comparison of counting data sets.Results From 2014 to 2017,110 raw meat samples were monitored,53 of which were positive,with a detection rate of 48.18%.The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in 2016(90.00%) was higher than that in other years,with a statistically significant difference(χ^2=19.52,P<0.01),chicken pathogen detection rate(67.74%) was higher than other types of raw meat,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=13.69,P<0.01),6 kinds of pathogenic bacteria in bending bacteria detection rate was highest(38.00%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=30.44,P<0.01),the farmer’s market pathogenic bacteria detection rate(53.33%)was higher than the supermarket(42.00%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=24.95,P<0.01).Conclusion The contamination of raw meat by foodborne pathogens is common in Jiamusi,and there are safety risks.Food safety monitoring and supervision should be strengthened in key places(farmers’ markets) and key raw meat(chicken,duck,etc.) to comprehensively improve food safety.