成都市某汽车制造厂周边VOCs 组成特征研究

Composition Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)around an Automobile Manufacturer in Chengdu

挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)是形成臭氧及二次气溶胶的重要前体物。为了解部分工业园区周边VOCs组成特征,本研究在成都市某汽车制造厂周边利用苏玛罐(SUMMA canister)对环境空气进行采样,并采用气相色谱与质谱/氢火焰离子检测器连用仪器(GC-MS/FID)对样品中的115种VOCs进行分析。研究结果表明:汽车制造厂厂区喷涂车间旁大气环境中VOCs主要以含氧挥发性有机物(oxygenated volatile organic compounds,OVOCs)(35.87%)、芳香烃(35.29%)为主,代表性特征组分为己醛、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯。厂区周围VOCs以OVOCs(24.19%~41.19%)、烷烃(28.05%~32.76%)为主,代表性特征组分为2,2-二甲基丁烷、乙炔、丙酮。工业园区不同区域对大气臭氧污染潜势贡献的VOCs种类不同,喷涂车间旁OVOCs与芳香烃对臭氧生成潜势贡献最大,而厂区周围对O3生成潜势贡献较大的则以OVOCs与烯烃为主。

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)is the main precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols.To understand the VOCs characteristic of industry zone,air samples were adopted through SUMMA canisters around an automobile manufacturing fac⁃tory in Chengdu,and 115 kind of VOCs in the air samples were analyzed by GC-MS/FID.The results show that near the painting workshop of the factory,Oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)took 35.87%of the total VOCs,followed by aromatics(35.29%).Major kinds with larger volume fraction were hexaldehyde,m/p-xylene,o-xylene.Around the industry area,OVOCs(24.19%~41.19%)and alkanes(28.05%~32.76%)were the most abundant VOCs groups.The specific VOCs compositions generally contained 2,2-dimethylbutane,acetylene,and acetone.Different areas of industrial parks contribute to ozone pollution potential with different kinds of VOCs,and it was demonstrated that next to painting workshop,OVOCs and aromatics played important role in the ozone formation.However,around the industry area,OVOCs and alkenes contributed most to ozone generation.