我国黄槿气候特征及适生区分析

Climatic Characteristics Analysis of Hibiscus tiliaceus and Prediction of Its Suitable Range in China

以黄槿在国内的天然地理分布数据为基础,用Diva-gis获得黄槿地理分布区气候因子数据并进行分析。结果表明:黄槿天然分布在74.76 m低海拔区域,分布区最低气温为1月,极端最低温平均为12.13℃,而最高温度为7月,月极端最高温平均为31.86℃;集中分布在年平均温度为19.8~24.9℃区域,该区域月均降水量为36.05~279.94 mm。以Bioclim和Maxent两种模型对黄槿在我国的适生区进行预测,所预测的地理分布结果与实际分布区域的相符度较高｡黄槿在我国天然分布于广东、广西、海南和福建和台湾。两种模型预测的黄槿适生区域差异不显著。应用Maxent刀切法评估发现,平均日较差bio2是影响黄槿分布的关键环境变量,其次是年平均气温bio1。

Based on the natural location data of Hibiscus tiliaceus in China,the climatic variables from the species’natural geographical distribution were obtained from the WorldClim dataset using Diva-gis software.The natural distribution of H.tiliaceus is located in low altitude areas of around 75 m above sea level,with the lowest average temperature in January of 12.1℃,the highest temperatures in July and the highest extreme temperature averaging 31.9℃,mean annual temperatures falling in the range of 19.8℃to 24.9℃and average monthly precipitations being in the range of 36.0~279.9 mm.Two prediction models,Bioclim and Maxent,were used to predict the suitable area of H.tiliaceus in China.The predicted results were in good agreement with the species’actual distribution area.The natural distribution of H.tiliaceus in China is mainly in Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,Fujian and Taiwan.There was no significant difference in the main suitable area in provinces predicted from the two models.The results of Jackknife tests showed that mean diurnal range(bio 2)is the key environmental variable affecting the distribution of H.tiliaceus,followed by the annual mean temperature(bio 1).