“三孩儿”现象的经济学分析——兼谈经世济民的中国经济观

Economic Analysis of the Phenomenon of"Three Child"——Simultaneously Discusses the China’s Economic View of Managing the World and Benefiting the People

所有经济活动都是人的活动,有什么样的人,就有什么样的经济活动,也决定着经济活动是否可持续。研究经济活动的经济学既不能离开人这个主体,也不能离开人类行为这个主题,更不能离开为人类服务、实现人的全面发展这个目的。本文说明了人的认识水平以及由此所决定的行为方式决定了人的可持续发展,提出当前商品经济需要修正、规范,并由此引出“好孩儿”“宠孩儿”“坏孩儿”三种现实典型的人类,通过对这三种人类的特征、产生及其演变从东西方经济学角度的分析,说明东方经济学的经世济民就是要研究、纠正、规范人的行为,实现以人为本和持续发展;而西方经济学的“经济人”前提则“顺应”人的这些行为,走上了害人害己的不可持续之路。本文从“经世济民”的中国经济观出发,认为实现经济社会持续发展的中国思路就是要通过全方位的教育培养人的正确认识,提高人的认识水平,并以此为基础采取正确的行为。为此,提出五方面具体建议:第一,教育是全社会共同的责任,是政府的基本职责;第二,以“五位一体”总体布局为指导,不仅要注意满足人的物质需要,更要注重满足人的精神文化需￣求;第三,废除继承权,实现公平竞争;第四,把劳动力的质与量结合,实现真正的按劳分配;第五,改变传统经济核算方式,依据经世济民的要求设计新的经济核算和评价体系。

All economic activities are human activities,what kind of people will have what kind of economic activities,which also determines whether economic activities are sustainable.Economics is the study of economic activities.It can neither leave the subject of human beings,nor the theme of human behavior,nor the purpose of serving human beings and realizing their all-round development.On the basis of explaining that people’s cognition level and the behavior mode decided by it determine the sustainable development of people,and putting forward that the current commodity economy needs to be revised and standardized.This paper leads to three realistic typical human types of"good child""spoiled child"and"bad child",after analyzing the characteristics,production and evolution of these three kinds of human beings.From the perspective of eastern and western economics,this paper analyzes that the purpose of Eastern Economics is to study,correct and standardize people’s behavior and realize people-oriented and sustainable development,while the premise of"economic man"in western economics is to"conform"to people’s behavior and finally embark on the unsustainable road of harming people and themselves.Starting from the Chinese economic view of"managing the world and benefiting the people",this paper holds that the Chinese way of realizing the sustainable development of economy and society is to cultivate people’s correct understanding through all-round education,improve people’s understanding level,and take correct actions.Therefore,this paper puts forward five specific suggestions:first,education is the common responsibility of the whole society and the basic responsibility of the government;second,guided by the overall layout of"economic,political,cultural,social,and ecological progress",we should not only pay attention to meeting people’s material needs,but also to meet people’s spiritual and cultural needs;third,abolish the right of inheritance and realize fair competition;fourth,combine the quality and quantity of labor force to realize the real distribution according to work;fifth,change the traditional economic accounting method and design a new economic accounting and evaluation system according to the requirements of managing the world and benefiting the people.