石油降解低温细菌的筛选及降解特性的表征

SCREENING OF COLD-ADAPTED PETROLEUM DEGRADING BACTERIA AND CHARACTERIZING MICROFLORA FOR PETROLEUM DEGRADATION

从石油污染土壤中,通过低温富集,筛选并鉴定得到7株低温石油降解细菌。基于菌株降解石油组分特性,构建6组低温石油降解菌群,利用5 L发酵罐,并通过尾气分析仪在线监测菌群石油降解过程中的CO2产生和O2消耗变化,评价菌群的石油降解能力。由Arthrobacter sp.JLH 001,Acinetobacter baumannii JLH 002,Pseudomonas fragi JLH 003和Arthrobacter sp.JLH 006组成的菌群降解石油效果最佳,48 h后CO2的产生值和O2的消耗值达到最高,在15℃时、72 h后能完全降解1%的石油,并且在25℃时降解速度显著增强。结果表明:石油污染土壤的原位生物修复可通过低温石油降解菌群的添加实现高效及快速修复。

The performance of in-situ bio-remediation of petroleum-contaminated soils has been always unsatisfactory,because of complex composition of crude oil and its strong biological toxicity,as well as low microbial activity at low soil temperature.In this paper,7 cold-adapted oil-degrading bacteria strains were screened and identified from oil polluted soils.Based on the degrading characteristics of the 7 bacteria strains for petroleum composition,6 cold-adapted oil-degrading microfloras were prepared.The CO2 production and O2 consumption of 6 microfloras for degrading crude oil in 5 L fermenters were monitored online with a gas analyzer.The most efficient microflora,consisted of Arthrobacter sp.JLH 001,Acinetobacter baumannii JLH 002,Pseudomonas fragi JLH 003 and Arthrobacter sp.JLH 006,showed maximal O2 consumption and CO2 production capacity after about 48 h,and completely degraded crude oil(with content of 1%)after about 72 h at 15℃,and the degradation was significantly accelerated at 25℃.These results suggested that efficient in-situ bio-remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil could be realized by adding cold-adapted oil-degrading microfloras.