上海市某社区失独老人总体幸福感的分析

Influencing factors of happiness for the elderly who lost their only child in a community of Shanghai

【目的】了解社区失独老人(独生子女意外亡故的老年人)总体幸福感状况并探讨其影响因素,为制定和实施针对性的干预措施提供参考。【方法】以方便抽样的方法选取龙华街道社区失独老人84例,采用中国版总体幸福感量表(GWB)进行问卷调查。【结果】84例失独老人总体幸福感量表得分总分为(62.82±5.52)分。对生活的满足和兴趣得分(3.60±1.17),对健康的担心得分(7.96±1.76),精力(13.45±2.09),忧郁或愉快的心境(13.00±1.59),对情感和行为的控制(9.35±1.59),松弛和紧张(15.46±2.35)。影响失独老人总体幸福感的因素有文化程度(P<0.01)、医疗费用支出(P<0.01)、孩子离世年龄(P=0.04)、有否参加社会活动(P=0.03)。【结论】社区失独老人总体幸福感状况较低,有必要采取个性化的综合干预措施来帮助此类老人走出心理阴影,促其积极面对生活。

[Objective]To investigate the general well-being of the elderly who lost their only child in the community and explore its influencing factors in this regard,providing reference for the formulation and implementation of targeted interventions.[Methods]A total of 84 elderly people who lost their only child in Longhua street community were selected by sampling for questionnaire survey with generally well-being schedule(GWB of Chinese version).[Results]The total score of GWB of the 84 elderly who lost their only child was 62.82±5.52,satisfaction and interest in life being 3.60±1.17,worries about health 7.96±1.76,energy 13.45±2.09,melancholy or happy mood 13.00±1.5,control of emotion and behavior 9.35±1.59,relaxation and tension 15.46±2.35.Among the factors influencing the overall happiness of the elderly who lost their only child,education level accounted for the proportion(P<0.01),medical expenses(P<0.01),age of death of the child(P=0.04),and participation in social activities(P=0.03).[Conclusion]The score of GWB is lower for the elderly who lost their only child,it is imperative to take personalized and comprehensive intervention to help those elderly get out of the psychological shadow and encourage them to face life positively.