法定居住权立法探究--兼论《民法典》居住权制度的完善

Research on the Legislation of Statutory Habitatio:Focusing on Improving the Habitatio System of China’s Civil Code

增设居住权是《民法典》的一大亮点,但是《民法典》仅在物权编总则部分规定了意定居住权,而未规定法定居住权,这是居住权制度一大缺憾。我国司法实践已有法定居住权的适用,且在适用范围上突破了传统法定居住权只适用于婚姻家庭领域的局限。法定居住权入法是法律和现实的需求,具有现行法律制度无法比拟的优势,从性别视角分析更有利于女性利益保护。《民法典》应在物权编和婚姻家庭编分别规定社会保障型法定居住权和家庭保障型法定居住权。

It is a highlight of China’s Civil Code to add the stipulations of habitatio,but it is only intended habitatio added,not statutory habitatio.Traditionally,as to the extent of application of statutory habitatio,it only applies to the field of marriage and family,but with the development of judicial practice,that restriction has been broken in China.It is necessary to add statutory habitatio into the Civil Code which will be conducive to protect the rights of women from the gender analysis perspective.Our suggestion is that statutory habitatio for social security and statutory habitatio for domestic security should be added into current real right section and marriage and family section of the Civil Code respectively.