女性·舆论·审判:多维度考察盛爱颐诉请重析遗产案

Women,Public Opinion and Trial:A Multidimensional Investigation of Sheng Aiyi’s Application for Re-analysis of Heritage Case

晚清重臣盛宣怀的女儿盛爱颐因家族财产分配不均,状告其兄弟侄儿诉请重析遗产,并最终赢得诉讼一案,为近代中国女子争取继承权的第一案。将女性意识与社会舆论、审判制度相联系,从多维度对该案件进行考察。从女性意识来看,盛爱颐的析产行为反映了中国近代女性权利意识、独立意识、平等意识的自觉;从舆论报道出发,可以看到舆论表现出的特点和倾向、案件与舆论报道的双向互动,以及舆论效应带来的社会影响;从审判实践来看,该案呈现出南京国民政府初期审级制度与审判机关的过渡、审判过程行政与司法的纠缠,以及审判方式调解与诉讼的选择等情况。

Sheng Aiyi,the daughter of Sheng Xuanhuai,an important official in the late Qing Dynasty,sued her brothers and nephews for reanalysis of her inheritance due to the unequal distribution of her family property,and finally won the lawsuit,which was the first case for modern Chinese women to fight for the right of inheritance.This paper makes a multi-dimensional study of the case by connecting the women’s consciousness with the public opinion and the judicial system.From the perspective of women’s consciousness,Sheng’s behavior reflected the consciousness of rights,independence and equality of some women in this period.With the public opinion of the newspaper,we can see the two-way interaction between the case itself and the public opinion report,as well as the influence on the women’s group and social legislation brought by the report.From the perspective of the trial practice,the court trial presented the situation of the operation of the trial system,the evolution of the trial organ,the choice of the trial method and the entanglement between administration and justice in the early period of Nanjing government.