制造业投入服务化与企业出口产品转换

Input Servitization of Manufacturing and Switching of Export Products

针对多产品企业的产品转换行为,本文利用2000~2010年中国工业企业数据库、中国海关进出口数据库及世界投入产出数据库,测算了企业出口产品的要素密度转换情况以及制造业出口内涵的服务投入增值率,识别了制造业投入服务化对企业出口产品转换的影响效应。研究发现,制造业投入服务化促进了企业出口产品密度变动,有助于企业出口要素密度更高的产品。异质性分析表明,批发零售、信息和通信、金融保险、专业科学技术以及国外服务投入的增强有助于出口产品要素密度提升;东中部地区的服务中间投入可以促进企业出口要素密度更高的产品。通过促进生产率提升和技术创新,制造业投入服务化有助于企业向高要素密度的出口产品跃升。这表明应加快推进制造业服务化进程,有效带动企业出口产品实现资源优化配置。

In view of the product switching behavior of multi-product enterprises,this paper takes the manufacturing export enterprises which are merged and matched by China Industrial Enterprise Database and China Customs Import and Export Database from 2000 to 2010 as the research sample,and based on the WIOD Database,calculates the factor density switching of enterprises'export products,and the value-added rate of service input in China's manufacturing export,identifies the effect of input servitization on switching of export products.The result shows that,the input servitization of manufacturing promotes the switching of export product density,and promotes enterprises to export products with higher factor density.Heterogeneity analysis shows that,the increase of wholesale and retail,information and communication,finance and insurance,professional science and technology,and foreign service investment can help to promote the factor density of export products,and the service intermediate input in the east and central region can promote the export of products with higher factor density.Through productivity improvement and technological innovation,the input servitization of manufacturing helps firms export products with higher factor density.The conclusion shows that,the process of servitization of manufacturing should be accelerated to effectively promote the optimal allocation of resources for export products.