管壳式换热器管束振动失效研究

Study on Tube Bundles Vibration Failure of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

某管壳式换热器在使用过程中出现管束泄漏和断裂。通过对管材样品采用化学成分分析、金相组织分析、室温拉伸实验、形貌观察等方式研究了该型号换热器失效的原因。另外,根据该换热器的设计工况,针对其换热管振动时的机理,对换热管振动做了详细的分析。同时对振动机理的研究发现:该换热器的工况处在流体弹性不稳定区域,流体弹性不稳定性使管束发生振动,在交变应力的作用下使管束发生疲劳破坏。

A tube and shell heat exchanger has tube bundle leakage and breakage during use.By using chemical composition analysis,metallographic structure analysis,room temperature tensile test,and morphological observation on the tube samples,the failure reasons of this type of heat exchanger are studied.According to the design conditions of the heat exchanger,the vibration of the heat exchange tube is analyzed according to the mechanism of the heat exchange tube vibration.The study of vibration mechanism shows that the working condition of the heat exchanger is in the region of fluid elastic instability;the fluid elastic instability causes the tube bundle to vibrate,and fatigue damage of the tube bundle occurs under the action of alternating stress.